Effect of Eccentric Loading on Spring
Definition of Eccentric Load: When the load applied
to a portion of the column (spring) is not symmetric with the central axis of
the column (spring), the load applied is called eccentric load.
Explanation: In above figure (Diagram 1) P is applied
load, L is length of the object under load. Here load P is not symmetric with
the central axis of the object.
Effect of Eccentric Load on Spring: Spring
is an elastic body which when subjected under any type of load starts to
deform. If the applied load is in allowable physical tolerances the spring gets
back to the initial position due to its elasticity.
It is very important that
the applied load is not just in the given physical tolerances but, is also
applied properly. If a spring is applied be load P of which the axis is not
symmetric with the central axis there is a chance of spring buckling, which can
lead to spring breakage.
When eccentric load acts on the spring the stresses
on spring coil increases and load parameter also varies. Due to eccentric
loading the stresses on the farthest side (reff. Diagram 2) increases i.e. side
A. The stresses on the nearest side of eccentric load decreases due to extra
compression. The effect of eccentricity on spring varies considerably with the
shape of end coil and also the number of coils in the spring. Stress increase
due to eccentric loading varies directly with the distance between central axis
and load axis (e).
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